Sub Interface

Sub interface in a cisco router is to configure the VLAN ID specific interface of the main interface.

1 main interface can have multiple sub interface. To configure sub interface (assuming the main interface is FastEthernet0/0, we can do)

> config 
> int FastEthernet0/0.x

In which x is in the range of 1 - 4,294,967,295

Normally we name x as the same name of VLAN ID. You can technically name it anything but this is by convention

So the full vlanid configuration can be as follows:

> config
> int FastEthernet0/0.3 # assuming we configure for vlan id 3
> encapsulation dot1q 3 # this number has to be the number of vlan id
> ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0 # this is to configure the router ip for vlan id 3
> no shutdown
> exit